lunes, 29 de octubre de 2012

5TO FUTURO, FUTURO PERFECTO, CONDICIONALES

La estructura básica del afirmativo del futuro continuo: (somebody=alguien; somewhere-algún sitio; something=algo) el auxiliar modal (verbo modal) "will" junto con "be" y la forma básica del verbo principal (el infinitivo) más "-ing" (presente participio o forma "ing"). Nota: Forma contraída: "will" = "'ll", "I will" = "I'll", suj aux be verbo I will be talking to somebody. Estaré hablando con alguien. You will be getting something. Estarás cogiendo algo. (tú) He will be reading something. Estará leyendo algo. (él) She will be having something. Estará tomando algo. (ella) It will be going somewhere. Estará de camino a algún sitio. We will be writing something. Estaremos escribiendo algo. (vosotros) You will be having something. Estareis tomando algo. They will be doing something. Estarán haciendo algo. (ellos) Nota: Con el futuro continuo se utiliza "you will" = "you'll", etc. La estructura básica del negativo del futuro continuo: suj aux be verbo I won't be talking to somebody. No estaré hablando con alguien. You won't be getting something. No estarás cogiendo algo. (tú) He won't be reading something. No estará leyendo algo. (él) She won't be having something. No estará tomando algo. (ella) It won't be going somewhere. No estará de camino a algún sitio. We won't be writing something. No estaremos escribiendo algo. (nosotros) You won't be having something. No estareis tomando algo. They won't be doing something. No estarán haciendo algo. (ellos) Nota: Forma contraida: "won't" = "will not". La estructura básica del interrogativo del futuro continuo: (anywhere = alguna o cualquier parte, anybody = cualquiera, alguien, anything = cualquier cosa, algo) aux suj be verbo Will I be talking to anybody? ¿Estaré hablando con alguien? Will you be running anywhere? ¿Estarás corriendo en alguna parte? Will he be reading anything? ¿Estará leyendo algo? Will she be doing anything? ¿Estará haciendo algo? Will it be going anywhere? ¿Estará de camino a alguna parte? Will we be writing something? ¿Estaremos escribiendo algo? Will you be having anything? ¿Estareis tomando algo? Will they be doing anything? ¿Estarán haciendo algo? Nota: En el futuro continuo interrogativo simplemente se intercambia el verbo modal "will" con el sujeto para hacer la pregunta. Nota: La palabra "some" y "any" a veces significan lo mismo. La principal diferencia es que "some" se suele utilizar para afirmativas y "any" para negativas y interrogativas. La estructura básica de las respuestas cortas del futuro simple: Afirmativo Negativo Yes, I will. No, I won't. (will not) Yes, you will. No, you won't. (will not) Yes, he will. No, he won't. (will not) Yes, she will. No, she won't. (will not) Yes, it will. No, it won't. (will not) Yes, we will. No, we won't. (will not) Yes, you will. No, you won't. (will not) Yes, they will. No, they won't. (will not) Nuevas Actividades para Estudiar Inglés The London Paralympics - Actividades para leer y escuchar de Hotpotatoes por la profesora de inglés Briony Campbell - Vocabulary, Cloze, Quiz. Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe (Public Domain Short Story) - Actividades para leer y escuchar de Hotpotatoes - Verbs, Nouns, Other, Cloze, Quiz. Activity set by Chris Davis. Saint Jimmy - Actividades para leer y escuchar de Hotpotatoes por el profesor de inglés Tom Morse - Vocabulary, Cloze, Quiz. Para qué se utiliza el futuro continuo: Para hablar sobre lo que va a estar ocurriendo en un momento en particular en el futuro. Ejemplo: Pablo: "What are you doing tomorrow at two p.m.?" Mario: "I'm afraid I'll be having lunch with the boss." Normalmente se utiliza el futuro continuo simplemente para hablar sobre una actividad que estará en proceso en un momento dado en el futuro. Sin embargo, su uso en el ejemplo del jefe y la comida comunica no solamente que hablamos sobre algo que va a estar ocurriendo en el futuro en un momento dado, si no que también comunica que no tenemos control sobre el tema y que la decisión fue tomada con anterioridad a la conversación. Futuro Perfecto (Future Perfect Tense) El Futuro Perfecto es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para expresar situaciones que se están produciendo o que se desarrollarán en el futuro y que imaginamos que habrán finalizado para cuando llegue el momento al que hacemos referencia. Esta forma verbal suele ir acompañada de una expresión temporal, por ejemplo: By this afternoon, I will have arrived at home. (Para esta tarde ya habré llegado a casa) En este caso no se menciona si estoy viajando en ese momento pero es seguro que cuando llegue la tarde ya estaré en mi casa. By tomorrow, I will have gotten a new job. (Para mañana, yo habré conseguido un nuevo trabajo) Aquí no se expresa si se está realizando la búsqueda de trabajo pero queda claro que cuando llegue el día siguiente tendré uno nuevo. Para construir la forma afirmativa de este tiempo verbal utilizaremos el verbo auxiliar TO HAVE en Futuro Simple seguido por el Pasado Participio (ver verbos regulares e irregulares) del verbo principal, por ejemplo: By 9 o'clock she wiIl have prepared the dinner. Para las 9 en punto ella habrá preparado la cena. He will have cleaned his desk before he leaves the office. Él habrá limpiado su escritorio antes de que él deje la oficina. We will have travelled to London by this evening. Nosotros habremos viajado a Londres para esta noche. They will have visited the museum by the time they get home. Ellos habrán visitado el museo para cuando ellos lleguen a casa. Para interrogar, deberemos comenzar con WILL seguido por el sujeto, la forma infinitiva del verbo TO HAVE y luego el verbo principal en Pasado Participio como vemos a continuación: Will she have prepared the dinner by 9 o'clock? Habrá preparado ella la cena para las 9 en punto? Will he have cleaned his desk before he leaves the office? Habrá limpiado él su escritorio antes de que él deje la oficina? Will we have travelled to London by this evening? Habremos viajado nosotros a Londres para esta noche? Will they have visited the museum by the time they get home? Habrán ellos visitado el museo para cuando ellos lleguen a casa? La forma negativa se construye colocando la negación NOT entre el auxiliar WILL y el verbo auxiliar TO HAVE, por ejemplo: By 9 o'clock she wiIl not have prepared the dinner. Para las 9 en punto, ella no habrá preparado la cena. Before he leaves the office, he will not have cleaned his desk. Antes de que él deje la oficina, él no habrá limpiado su escritorio. We will not have travelled to London by this evening. Nosotros no habremos viajado a Londres para esta noche. They will not have visited the museum by the time they get home. Ellos no habrán visitado el museo para cuando ellos lleguen a casa. Primer condicional 1. If Britney Spears hits the paparazzi, she will be in a serious trouble. 2. If he listens to the teacher, he will understand the lesson. 3. If you touch the owen, you will burn your hand. 4. If she breaks the window, her parents will pay for it. 5. If they go to the cinema, they will enjoy the movie. 6. If he is intelligent, he will solve the problem. 7. If you go to the party, I will go with you. 8. If he knocks the door, I will not talk him. 9. If she needs a favour, I will do it. 10. If your car is broken, the mechanic will repair it. 1. If you buy a new computer, you will give me the old one. 2. If the police catch the thieves, they will go to prison. 3. If the judge finds him guilty, he will pay the fee. 4. If the weather is fine, they will go camping. 5. If you lose my book, you will buy a new one. 6. If I have time, I will practice the exercises. 7. If you eat your vegetables, you will eat ice-cream. 8. If it does not rain, we will play soccer. 9. If you stay at home, we will enjoy the concert. 10. If we disturb him, he will not finish his homework. Segundo condicional 1. If they used public transportation, they would save a lot of money. 2. If you had time in the evenings, you would go to the cinema. 3. If I were you, I would not spend all the money. 4. If your friend were not so irritant, I would visit you. 5. If my mother spoke less, I would enjoy the film. 6. If you told me the truth, you would not have problems. 7. If my brother asked for permission, my parents would not annoy with him. 8. If he ran fast, he would win the race. 9. If he sent me an e-mail, I would answer it. 10. If my sister did the housework, I would go shopping. 1. If they climbed the mountain with a guide, they would not lose. 2. If you Knew him well, you would not lend money. 3. If he gave a good excuse, I would forgive him. 4. If the teacher explained the lesson, I would understand it. 5. If the play were not so boring, I would not sleep at the theatre. 6. If you lived in a foreign country, you would have problems with the language. 7. If the workers went on strike, the manager would pay the salaries. 8. If the clown disturbed me, I would kick him. 9. If my credit card disappeared, I would call the police. 10. If my boyfriend were jealous, I would not marry with him. Tercer tipo 1. If I had got a good job, I would have moved to Rome. 2. If she had told her father the truth, he would not have annoyed. 3. If my mother had known the problem, she would have tried to solve it. 4. If they had received the message, they would have arrived on time. 5. If he had finished the work, he would have gone to the theatre. 6. If I had lost the key, I would have waited you at the restaurant. 7. If Peter had driven the car, I would not have travelled with him. 8. If my friend had been more intelligent, he would have known what to do. 9. If my brother had called her, she would have forgiven him. 10. If my father had met my boyfriend, they would have been good friends. 1. If I had had money, I would have bought a new mobile phone. 2. If I had stayed in a hotel, I would have spent a lot of money. 3. If they had not destroyed the evidence, the police would have found it. 4. If you had paid the debt, I would not have had financial problems. 5. If the kids had not brushed their teeth, they would have visited the dentist. 6. If I had lent him the book, he would have sold it. 7. If Tom had climbed the tree, he would have fallen down. 8. If Sam had not taken the bus, he would have missed the play. 9. If Sally had learnt the song, she would have sung in the concert. 10. If my sisters had behaved properly, they would have gone to the party.

No hay comentarios:

Publicar un comentario